稻田退水阻控与净化沟渠构建技术
发布人:徐新阳  发布时间:2021-04-01   浏览次数:853


    成果简介

以双梯形沟渠断面形态塑造和水力/流态特征优化为核心,以双梯形断面结构为增加水力粗糙度;辅以高饱和吸附容量基质改良与非连续水生植物生态型控制措施,以吸附性优良的污泥基生物炭为沟渠基质强化吸附,以立体植物系统强化净化能力;在相同水力停留时间内,提高沟渠对稻田退水中氮和磷的吸附、吸收、同化与降解效率,控制氮磷向下游湿地与松花江干流的输出负荷。

    | 成果图片

    | 成果创新点

1.经过严密的明渠流体力学计算,获得了从定常流到湍流的全过程流动参数,据此提出双梯形断面结构,在一定程度上提高了流动曼宁系数和雷诺数,与传统沟渠流态相比,实现了沟渠流态分层控制,更利于将上层退水流态控制在适度湍流程度,下层退水流态控制在适度定常流程度,从而增加第一级梯形断面(上层)的溶解氧水平,强化硝化过程,提高第二级梯形断面(下层)的相对停留时间,为氮磷吸附和氮反硝化过程创造更加适宜的微生物条件。

2.与传统沟渠流态相比,双梯形断面结构实现了沟渠流态分层控制,更利于将上层退水流态控制在适度湍流程度,下层退水流态控制在适度定常流程度,从而增加第一级梯形断面(上层)的溶解氧水平,强化硝化过程,提高第二级梯形断面(下层)的相对停留时间,为氮磷吸附和氮反硝化过程创造更加适宜的微生物条件。

    | 成果应用价值

沟渠是农田面源污染的中间环节,上承旱地水田,下接湿地河滩,技术研发成果在整个技术体系中具有重要作用,提出的新型生态沟渠构建及渠网联控技术对上游退水水质波动具有良好的适应性,能够为下游湿地进水体提供稳定的水质保障,多级排灌以及灌渠-蓄储井镶嵌技术能够保障水利用效率得到较大程度的提升。

    | 合作案例

“稻田退水阻控与净化沟渠构建技术“已在哈尔滨方正县蚂蚁河灌区现代农业高标准农田项目中得到应用,具体为蚂蚁河西岸灌区团结段和蚂蚁河东岸灌区秋然米业段两大示范区中得到了示范应用。通过该技术的示范推广,将蚂蚁河灌区水利用效率从原来的0.50提高至0.65,退水回灌率达到30%。在重新测定原有退水沟渠阻滞系数和水力粗糙度的基础上,将二级、三级退水支渠渠型结构优化为双梯形断面,将一级干渠坡角从原来的不规则坡角优化为42°,底宽从原1.0-1.2m拓宽至1.8-2.0m,顶宽从原1.5-1.8m拓宽至2.5-2.8m。通过上述技术的示范推广,蚂蚁河灌区稻田退水中N、P浓度可分别从6.5mg/L(平均值)、1.0mg/L(平均值)降低至2.5-3.0mg/L、0.5-0.6mg/L,满足进入下游河滩湿地的水质要求。

    | 成果持有人简介

      徐新阳,课题负责人,东北大学教授,博士生导师,霍英东教育基金会高校优秀青年教师奖获得者,辽宁省百千万人才工程百人层次入选者。现任东北大学研究生院副院长,东北大学佛山研究生院院长,东北大学资源与土木工程学院环境工程研究所所长。近年来一直从事剩余污泥和农作物残体共热解制备改性生物炭的研究和利用,在土壤生态修复和固体废弃物的资源化利用方面取得了多项进展,在Bioresource Technolology、Waste Management等学科顶级刊物发表相关论文二十余篇,授权发明专利4项,出版专著2部。承担或参与了国家重点研发计划1项,国家重大科技专项水专项1项以及多项国家自然科学基金和省自然科学基金项目。

    | 成果知识产权情况

        (一)专利:

    1.陈熙,赵冰,徐新阳,李海波,张铭川,一种用于去除溶液中重金属离子的循环喷射床电沉积系统, 2017.12.5中国, ZL201610153842.X

    2.赵冰,徐新阳,陈熙,李海波,张铭川. 一种利用剩余污泥和榛子壳共热解制备生物炭的方法:中国,201610275811.1. 2018.4.29.

    3.李英华, 李海波, 徐新阳, 宫璇, 周咏春, 陈熙. 一种阻控稻田退水中氨氮的沟渠基质及其配置方法, ZL 201410238921.1

    4.李海波, 李英华, 徐新阳, 陈熙, 等. 一种靶向脱除水中氨氮的可控释放酶胶囊的制备方法,ZL201410240655.6

    5.陈熙;张冉;徐新阳;赵冰;李海波;黄宇;范广建。剩余污泥和榛子壳共热解制备生物炭及其光催化改性方法,zl 202011288506.9

    6.陈熙,黄宇,徐新阳,李海波,李英华,范广建等,一种酸表面改性La掺杂TiO2光催化剂的制备方法,zl 202110312633.6


       (二)论文:

(1) Xinyang Xu, Bing Zhao, Manli Sun, Xi Chen, Mingchuan Zhang, Haibo Li, Shucong Xu, Co-pyrolysis characteristics of municipal sewage sludge and hazelnut shell by TG-DTG-MS and residue analysis, Waste Management, 2017, 62, 91-100.

(2) Xi Chen, Ran Zhang , Bing Zhao, Guangjian Fan, Haibo Li, Xinyang Xu *。Preparation of Porous Biochars by the Co-Pyrolysis of Municipal Sewage Sludge and Hazelnut Shells and the Mechanism of the Nano-Zinc Oxide Composite and Cu(II) Adsorption Kinetics。Sustainability. 2020.12.8668.

(3) Bing Zhao, Xinyang Xu*, Shucong Xu, Xi Chen, Haibo Li, Fanqiang Zeng, Surface characteristics and potential ecological risk evaluation of heavy metals in the bio-char produced by co-pyrolysis from municipal sewage sludge and hazelnut shell with zinc chloride, Bioresource Technolology, 2017, 243, 375-383.

(4) Bing Zhao, Xinyang Xu*, Haibo Li, Xi Chen, Fanqiang Zeng, Kinetics evaluation and thermal decomposition characteristics of co-pyrolysis of municipal sewage sludge and hazelnut shell, Bioresource Technolology, 2018, 247, 21-29.

(5) Bing Zhao,Xinyang Xu*, Fanqiang Zeng, Haibo Li, Xi Chen. The hierarchical porous structure bio-char assessments produced by co-pyrolysis of municipal sewage sludge and hazelnut shell and Cu (Ⅱ) adsorption kinetics[J], Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018, 25(20): 19423-19435.

(6) Shimin Ma, Xinyang Xu*, Guogang Liu, Qifa Sun, Hui Tian. Removal of heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene and common pollutants in constructed wetlands under low temperatures with straw and medical stone as medium. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2017, 26: 1061-1068.

(7) Xuan Gong, Xinyang Xu, Zongqiang Gong*, Xiaojun Li, Chunyun Jia, Meixia Guo, Haibo Li. Remediation of PAH-contaminated Soil at a Gas Manufacturing Plant by a Combined Two-phase Partition System Washing and Microbial Degradation Process. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015,22(16): 12001-12010.

(8) Mechanical properties of siderite and hematite from DFT calculation, Minerals Engineering, Chen Zhang, Lixia Li, Zhitao Yuan, Xinyang Xu, Zhenguo Song, Yi Ran Zhang. Volume 146, 2020, doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2019.106107

(9) Probing the effect of particle imperfections on the sliming of siderite in carbonate-bearing iron ore. Minerals Engineering, Chen Zhang, Lixia Li, Zhitao Yuan, Xinyang Xu, Zhenguo Song, Yi Ran Zhang. Volume 146, Nov. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.mineng.2019.106014.

(10) AFM and DFT study of depression of hematite in oleate-starch-hematite flotation system. Applied surface science. Chen Zhang, Lixia Li, Zhitao Yuan, Xinyang Xu, Zhenguo Song. Volume 480:749-758, Jun 30 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.02.224.

(11) Yinghua Li, Haibo Li, Lei Yang, Xinyang Xu, Siqi Wang, Fei Su. Study on the contribution of different depth layers to N2O emission in subsurface wastewater infiltration system. Ecological Engineering,2019, 133: 69-75(SCI)

(12) Ying-Hua Li, Hai-Bo Li, Xin-Yang Xu, Si-Qi Wang, Jing Pan. Does carbon-nitrogen ratio affect nitrous oxide emission and spatial distribution in subsurface wastewater infiltration system? Bioresource Technology, 2018, 250: 846-852 (SCI)

(13) Ying-Hua Li, Hai-Bo Li, Xin-Yang Xu, Si-Yao Xiao, Si-Qi Wang, Shu-Cong Xu. Field study on N2O emission from subsurface wastewater infiltration system under variable loading rates and drying-wetting cycles. Water Science & Technology, 2017, 76: 2158-2168 (SCI)

(14)Ying-Hua Li, Hai-Bo Li, Xin-Yang Xu, Si-Yao Xiao, Si-Qi Wang. Distributions, sources and ecological risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in subsurface water of urban old industrial relocation areas: A case study in Shenyang, China. Journal of Environmental Science & Health, 2017, 52: 971-978 (SCI)

(15) Ying-Hua Li, Hai-Bo Li, Xin-Yang Xu,Yong-Chun Zhou, Xuan Gong. Correlations between the oxidation-reduction potential characteristics and microorganism activities in the subsurface wastewater infiltration system. Desalination and Water Treatment, 2016, 57: 5350-5357 (SCI)

(16) Ying-Hua Li, Hai-Bo Li, Xin-Yang Xu, Yong-Chun Zhou, Xuan Gong. Microbial distributions for nitrogen removal in a subsurface wastewater infiltration system. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2015, 24: 1747-1751 (SCI)